RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management

RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management are part of RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science. Here we have given RBSE Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management.

Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management

Board RBSE
Class Class 8
Subject Science
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name Agriculture Management
Number of Questions Solved 43
Category RBSE Solutions

Agriculture Management Textbook Questions Solved

I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.

  1. Wheat is a crops of:
    (a) Rabi
    (b) Kharif
    (c) Zaid
    (d) all of the above
  2.  Modern technique of irrigation is:
    (a) Charas
    (b) Dhekli
    (c) Electric pump
    (d) Rahat

Answer:

  1. (a)
  2. (c)

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

  1. The proces of loosening the soil by use of a plough is called………………………
  2. Healthy seeds are………………………in weight and unhealthy seeds are………………………
  3. Sowing of only one type of soil continously lowers the………………………of the soil.
  4. On the basis of season crops are mainly of……………………… types.

Answer:

  1. ploughing
  2. heavy, light
  3. fertility
  4. three

Agriculture Management Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is a crop?
Answer:
Plants are grown after a fixed intervals of time to fulfill the needs of food of human beings and animals are called crop plants. While plants that are grown in a particular season are called crops.

Question 2.
Give two examples each of Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid crops?
Answer:
Rabi- wheat, gram,
Kharif- maize, groundnut
Zaid- watermelon, kakri

Question 3.
What is threshing?
Answer:
After harvesting it is derived to eliminate moisture. Then seeds is seperated from the husk, it is called threshing.

Question 4.
What are the sources of irrigation?
Answer:
Sources of irrigation are
(a) Traditional sources- chadas, handpump. dhekli.
(b) Modern sources- hand pump, electric pump, diesel pump.

Agriculture Management Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the modern techniques of irrigation? Describe them.
Answer:
The modern techniques of irrigation are
(a) for unlevelled land – sprinkler system
(b) for levelled land – drip system.
RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management 1
1. Sprinkler system:
This system is more useful on the uneven land, where water is available in smaller quantity. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on the top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When the water is allowed to flow through the main pipe with the help of a pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles. It is sprinkled on the crop as if it is raining. Sprinkler is very useful for the sandy soil.
2. Drip system: In this system:
In this system, the water falls drop by drop just at the position of the roots.
RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management 2
So, it is called drip system. It is the best technique of watering fruit plants, gardens, and trees. The system consists of a main pipe to which lateral pipes are joined. The specially prepared nozzles are attached to these lateral pipes. The nozzles are grounded just near the roots of the plants. It provides water to plants drop by drop. Water is not wasted at all. So it is a boon in regions where availability of water is poor.

Question 2.
What problems does a farmer face while cultivation? What method would you suggest overcome those problems?
Answer:
Protection of crops – Problem of crops or need to protect

  1. Weeds: Unwanted plants that grow along with the crops and prevents the necessary nutrients,from reaching the crop plants.
    • Adverse effect on crops: Crops do not get sufficient nutrients and proper sunlight.
    • Preventive measures: Tilling from time to time. Use weedicides.
  2. Natural disaster: Flood, drought, cold, fire.
    • Adverse effect on crops: Flooding in field, draining away of soil and manure, drying of crop or burning of crop.
    • Preventive measures: Preparing proper water exit. Irrigation during drought. Preparation for prevention from fire.
  3. Diseases caused by insects, fungus, bacteria and virus: Deformity in leaves, Drying of stem, damage of fruits, low yield.
    • Adverse effect on crops: Damage in leaf, stem, fruit.
    • Preventive measures: Spraying of insecticides, bacteriocides and fungicides.
  4. Animals: Harms the crops
    • Adverse effect on crops: Damage of crops.
    • Preventive Measures: Fencing, preventive measures.

Agriculture Management Additional Questions Solved

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following is a cash crop?
(a) Maize
(b) Rubber
(c) Mustard
(d) Pea

Question 2.
Which among the following is not a Rabi crop?
(a) Wheat
(b) Pea
(c) Cotton
(d) Gram

Question 3.
The nitrogen deficiency in the soil can be made up by:
(a) crop rotation
(b) ploughing
(c) harvesting
(d) broadcasting

Question 4.
Organic nutrients are called:
(a) fertilizers
(b) manure
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these

Question 5.
For safe storage of cereal grains, moisture content of the grains should not be more than:
(a) 84%
(b) 4’4%
(c) 34%
(d) 14%

Question 6.
Supply of water to crops at appropriate interval is called:
(a) irrigation
(b) cultivation
(c) sowing
(d) harvesting

Question 7.
Sprinkler irrigation is best suited for:
(a) loamy soil
(b) clayey soil
(c) sandy soil
(d) both (a) and (b)

Question 8.
Cutting and collecting mature crop is called:
(a) broadcasting
(b) crop rotation
(c) horticulture
(d) harvesting

Question 9.
The process of separating grains from stalk and grains from the husk and chaff respectively are
(a) winnowing and threshing
(b) threshing and winnowing
(c) ploughing and winnowing
(d) winnowing and ploughing

Question 10.
Which of the following is not an agricultural implement?
(a) Plough
(b) Hoe
(c) Sickle
(d) Plumbline

Question 11 .
The practice of sowing seeds by hand is known as-
(a) spreading
(b) broad casting
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these

Question 12 .
Which instrument is used for spraying weedicides?
(a) plough
(b) sprayer
(c) cultivator
(d) combine

Question 13.
Rice is a:
(a) Rabi Crop
(b) sprayer
(c) Zaid Crop
(d) combine

Question 14.
Example of Rabi crop is
(a) jowar and maize
(b) moong and urad
(c) wheat, chana and peas
(d) watermelon and cucumber.

Question 15.
Harvesting is used for:
(a) cutting crops
(b) irrigation
(c) removing weeds
(d) sowing weeds

Answers:

1. (b)
2. (c)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (d)
6. (a)
7. (c)
8. (d)
9. (b)
10. (d)
11. (b)
12. (b)
13. (b)
14. (c)
15. (a)

Agriculture Management Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is agriculture?
Answer:
Agriculture is a branch of science dealing of plants and raising of animals which are useful to us in the field.

Question 2.
What are crumbs?
Answer:
The ploughed field may have big pieces of soil called crumbs.

Question 3.
What is manure?
Answer:
Manures are organic substances obtained by the decomposition of dead and decaying matter and used for enriching the soil.

Question 4.
Name the tasks involved in agriculture?
Answer:
Tasks involved in agriculture are preparation of soil, manuring, sowing, irrigation, crop protection, harvesting and storing.

Question 5.
What is tilling?
Answer:
The process of loosening and turning the soil is called tilling or ploughing.

Question 6.
How is threshing done?
Answer:
Threshing is done with the help of a machine called thrasher or motorised machine called combine. These separate the chaff from grain.

Question 7.
Why food materials are stored?
Answer:
The need for storage of food materials to provide seasonal fruits throughout the year to each citizen at every place of the country.

Question 8.
Define weeding.
Answer:
It is a process of removing unwanted plants from crop or ornamental plants.

Question 9.
Name the sources of irrigation?
Answer:
Water is supplied to fields from a number of sources rain, wells, tubewells, lakes, ponds, rivers, canals and dams.

Question 10.
When was Prof. M. S. Swaminathan awarded?
Answer:
Prof M. S. Swaminathan received Padma Shree award in 1967, Padma Bhushan in 1972 and Padma Vibhushan in 1989 by Indian government.

Agriculture Management Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Classify the crops on the basis of their uses.
Answer:
Classification of the crops on the basis of their uses:

  1. Cereals-wheat, barley, jowar, maize, and oats etc. used for making roti and dalia.
  2. Puises-arhar, moong, gram, masoor, and urad used as pulses.
  3. Tilhan-groundnut, sesame, alsi and mustard, soyabean, arandi [caster] used as oil.
  4. Spices-chilli, cardamon, ajwain, jeera, turmeric [haldi] uses as spices.
  5. Fruits and vegetables-mango, ber, mausmi, malta, ladyfinger, and tinda uses as fruits and vegetables.
  6. Other crops-medicines and fodder used as medicines and fodders.

Question 2.
What is a hoe? Write its uses?
Answer:
Hoe is a simple tool which is used to remove weeds and for loosening the soil. It has a long rod of wood or iron. A strong, broad and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade.

Question 3.
In which district of Rajasthan, wheat, barley, moth, gram are grown?
Answer:
Main crops grown in different districts of Rajasthan:

  1. Wheat: Shri Ganganagar, Hanuman- garh, Alwar, Bharatpur, Bundi.
  2. Barley: Jaipur, Hanumangarh, Shri Ganganagar, alwar, sikar.
  3. Moth: Churn, Bikaner, Nagaur, Jodh¬pur.
  4. Gram: Hanumangarh, Shri Gangan¬agar, Bikaner, Jhunjhunu.

Question 4.
What is a cultivator?
Answer:
Cultivator is an agricultural implement which is driven by tractor and is used in ploughing. It saves time and labour.

Question 5.
Why do farmers use manures and fertilizers in their fields?
Answer:
Manure and fertilizers are major supplier of nutrients to the plant so to make soil fertile, farmers add manures and fertilizers.

Question 6.
Write the seasons for cultivating crops in India.
Answer:
There are two main seasons for cultivating crops in India. These are the Rabi and the kharif seasons.

Agriculture Management Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the activities involved in cultivation of crops.
Answer:
Cultivation of crops involve the following activities:

  1. Soil preparation: It involves loosening and tilling of the soil (i.e. ploughing and watering)
  2. Sowing: Sowing is the process of putting seeds in the soil.
  3. Adding manure and fertilisers: The substances, which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients to improve the production of the crops and the fertility of the soil are called manure and fertilisers.
  4.  Irrigation: Supply of water to crop at appropriate intervals is called Irrigation.
  5. Protection from weeds: Weeds are the unwanted plants that grow along with the crops. It’s removal is must for the better growth of the crops. These can be controlled by spraying certain chemicals, called weedicides, like 2, 4-D.
  6. Harvesting: The cutting of crop after it is mature is called harvesting.
  7. Storage: If the crop grains are to be kept for longer time, they should be safe from moisture, insects and rats.

Question 2.
Describe the traditional method of irrigation.
Answer:
Traditional methods of irrigation: Different methods are used for lifting water up for irrigating the fields in different regions of our country. In some of the methods, cattle or human labour is used. Such methods are cheaper but less efficient. These days, pumps are used for lifting water. Diesel, electricity or even solar energy may be used to run the pumps.
The different traditional methods of irrigation are:
RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Agriculture Management 3
Question 3.
Explain the differences between manures and fertilisers?
Answer:
Differences between manures and fertilisers.
Manure:
Made naturally from plant and animal wastes by the action of microbes.

  1. Biodegradable.
  2. Bulky and difficult to transport.
  3. Not an accurate source of nutrients.
  4. Causes no harm to aquatic life as it is insoluble in water.
  5. Does not cause pollution of soil as it is derived from organic matter.

Fertilisers:

  1. Made artificially from chemicals.
  2. Non-biodegradable.
  3. Light and easy to transport.
  4. An accurate source of nutrients.
  5. Accumulation of fertilisers in water bodies may cause harm to aquatic life through the process of eutrophication. Overuse can burn the plants and distort soil fertility by making it to acidic or too basic.

Question 4.
How does crop effect the environment?
Answer:
Crops directly effect the environment in the following ways :

  1. Crops in the surroundings keeps the environment clean.
  2. They helps in maintaining the moisture in the atmosphere.
  3. They keep the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the surrounding.
  4. They control the temperature of the surrounding.
  5. Protect the upper layer of the soil from sand storms and floods.
  6. Decrease the air and sound pollution.
  7. Provides life and protection to animals.

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