RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity

RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity are part of RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science. Here we have given RBSE Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity.

Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity

Board RBSE
Class Class 8
Subject Science
Chapter Chapter 5
Chapter Name Biodiversity
Number of Questions Solved 43
Category RBSE Solutions

Biodiversity Textbook Questions Solved

I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.

  1. The species which is not found in natural habitat but is present in conserved area is called-
    (a) Endangered
    (b) Extinct
    (c) Extinct in natural habitat
    (d) Endemic
  2. Which of the following is Endangered species?
    (a) Neem
    (b) Khejdi
    (c) Indrok
    (d) Ber

Answers:

  1. (a)
  2. (c)s

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

  1. Record of all the endangered species are kept in……………..
  2. Those plants and animals species whose any representative member is no longer alive is called……………..
  3. The plants and animals species which are found exclusively in a particular area are called……………..to that area.
  4. There are………………….biodiversity hotspots in the whole world.

Answers:

  1. Red Data Book
  2. extinct
  3. biodiversity
  4. 34

Biodiversity Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the conserved and protected areas for the plants and animals?
Answer:
Many National and International organization are indulged in conservation of forest and forest life. Our central and state government have made many rules, laws and policies for their conservation, we should follow these rules, laws and policies and make aware others also for doing the same. Wildlife sanctuaries, National park, Zoo, Botanical parks etc., are secured places for plants and animals.

Question 2.
What is the Red Data Book?
Answer:
Red Data Book has the record of all the endangered species. There are separate red data books for plants, animals and other species.

Question 3.
What are the biodiversity hotspots?
Answer:
Those geographical regions which are imporant and rich in biodiversity as well as habitat for special species are destroying due to selfish activities of man are called biodiversity hotspots.

Question 4.
Why the botanical gardens were established?
Answer:
Botanical Gardens are established to conserve naturally extinct and endangered plant species. There are 1600 botanical gardens in the world. These are established for seed bank and conservation of plant species. Professor J. C. Bose Botanical Garden is in West Bengal which is about 269 acre land area.

Biodiversity Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the causes and harmful effects of deforestation? Write a note.
Answer:
The clearing of forests (cutting of trees) and using the cleared land for other processes is called deforestation.
Various purposes for which trees are cut are as follows:

  1. Building houses for the increasing population,
  2. Developing Industries.
  3. Creating land for cultivation.
  4. Using wood as fuel and for making furniture.
    Some natural causes for deforestation

    1. forest fires, and
    2. severe droughts.

Consequences of deforestation

  1. It disturbs the natural living places of many plants and animals.
  2. Pollution level increases. Level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would go up as fewer trees would mean that less CO2 would be used in photosynthesis. This would lead to global warming.
  3. Increased temperature on earth would disturb the water cycle and may reduce rainfall. Droughts may occur.
  4. Groundwater level would go down.
  5.  It would lead to soil erosion and floods. Gradually the fertile land would get converted into desserts. This is called desertification.
  6. Loss of fertility of soil will take place.
  7.  It would lead to a decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil. In the absence of trees and the root systems, water is not able to move down into the soil. So water flows over the soil and brings about floods.
  8. A number of useful products obtained from trees are also lost when the trees are cut.

Question 2.
What efforts have been taken for biodiversity conservation? Write in detail.
Answer:
The Government of India passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972. Hunting has been completely banned, and National Parks, Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves have been set up by the government as steps towards conserving biodiversity. National parks: These are protective areas reserved exclusively for preserving the flora and fauna, landscape and buildings, i.e., the entire ecosystem, and monuments of historic importance of an area. In these areas grazing and cultivation are not permitted. There are some 92 national parks in our country.
Wildlife Sanctuaries: These provide protection and suitable condition for wild animals to flourish. These are areas where hunting is not allowed at all. Animals which are on the verge of extinction are protected here. Private ownership rights are permitted only to such an extent that the animals are not harmed. There are about 492 Wildlife sanctuaries in our country. Biosphere Reserves: A biosphere reserve is a specified area in which multiple use of land is permitted to preserve the biodiversity. The reserves also preserve traditional life of people. These reserves have been set up recently by ‘man and biosphere’ (MAB) programme of the UNESCO. There are 243 biosphere Reserves in our country which mainly conserve the biodiversity of the specific areas and provide protected areas for ecological and environmental research.

Biodiversity Rajasthan Additional Questions Solved

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1 .
Who has issued the list of endangered species?
(a) IUCN
(b) IUPAC
(c) UNICEF
(d) CUIN

Question 2.
Degradation of biodiversity occurs because of-
(a) hunting of animals
(b) deforestation
(c) pollution
(d) all of the above

Question 3.
Conservation means-
(a) we have to stop the use of resources completely.
(b) we have to use the resources wisely and judiciously.
(c) we have to protect the resources by just not using it as per our demands.
(d) all of the above.

Question 4.
Species which are restricted to a particular geographical region are called-
(a) endangered species
(b) vulnerable species
(c) endemic species
(d) extinct species

Question 5.
In our national park, protection is provided to-
(a) flora only
(b) flora and fauna
(c) fauna only
(d) entire ecosystem

Question 6.
Animals are protected from poachers in:
(a) Zoological Parks
(b) Botanical Parks
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Question 7.
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was passed by the government of India in
(a) 1992
(b) 1982
(c) 1972
(d) 1999

Question 8.
Movement of animals periodically to escape severe climatic conditions is called-
(a) eutrophication
(b) migration
(c) hybridisation
(d) conservation

Question 9.
Jim Corbett National Park is situated in
(a) U.P
(b) Uttarakhand (Tiger resources)
(c) M.P
(d) Bihar

Question 10.
Red Panda is an………….species in India
(a) endangered
(b) endemic
(c) epidemic
(d) extinct

Question 11 .
The Red Data book gives a list of-
(a) extinct species
(b) threatened species
(c) endemic species
(d) exotic species

Question 12
The animals living naturally in a particular habitat are called-
(a) Endangered species
(b) Vulnerable species
(c) Endemic species
(d) Extinct species

Question 13.
Species which are restricted to a particular geographical region are called-
(a) flora
(b) endangered species
(c) fauna
(d) none of these

Question 14 .
The function of tree plantation is celebrated through:
(a) Environment Day
(b) Social Forestry programme
(c) Vana Mahotsava
(d) Vani

Question 15 .
The restricted distribution of the species in a small area is called
(a) biome
(b) niche
(c) endemism
(d) ectosphere

Answers:

1. (a)
2. (d)
3. (b)
4. (c)
5. (d)
6. (d)
7. (c)
8. (b)
9. (b)
10. (a)
11. (b)
12. (c)
13. (c)
14. (c)
15. (a)

Biodiversity Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Defined biodiversity?
Answer:
The plants and animals species found in a particular area are called the biodiversity of that area.

Question 2.
What are the endangered animals?
Answer:
Organism whose count is decreasing below a certain limit’and are at the margin of extinction are called endangered animals.

Question 3.
Write two natural causes of deforestation.
Answer:
(a) Droughts
(b) Forest fire.

Question 4.
What is global warming?
Answer:
Due to increasing carbon dioxide in atmosphere, the temperature of the Earth is increasing. This is called global warming.

Question 5.
Name the animal and plant species categorised by IUCN.
Answer:
The four types of animal and plant species which are categorised by International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in following classes:

  1. extinct species
  2. extinct in natural habitat
  3. endangered species
  4. endemic species

Question 6.
Why is species become endangered?
Answer:
Species become endangered, as their survival has become difficult because of disturbance in their habitat.

Question 7.
What do you mean by region specific animals?
Answer:
The animals that can live only in a particular region are called region specific animals. Snow leopard, dolphins are region specific animals.

Question 8.
If we cut down the trees, then what will happen?
Answer:
If we cut down the trees, then that region will have less rainfall, more floods and humidity would reduce. This would reduce the ground water level of that region.

Question 9.
Define flora.
Answer:
The plants typically belonging to a particular area are called flora.

Question 10
What is fauna?
Answer:
The animals typically belonging to a particular area are called fauna.
Answer:

Biodiversity Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write two aims of conservation?
Answer:
Aims of conservation:

  1. To preserve the quality of environment, i.e., maintain pollution free environment.
  2. To ensure a continuous yield of useful plants, animals and materials for generations to come.

Question 2.
Define national parks and sanctuaries in India.
Answer:
National parks: National Park is an area strictly reserved for the betterment of wildlife and where activities like Forestry, grazing, or cultivation are not permitted. No private ownership is allowed. There are 89 national parks in India. Notable among them Gir National Park for Asiatic lions, Kaziranga National Park for rhinoceros, Corbett National Park tigers and Kanha National Park for Tigers.
Sanctuary: It provides protection to fauna only. Operations like harvesting of timber, collection of minor forest products, and private ownership rights are permitted as long as they do not interfere with the well-being of animals.

Question 3.
Name the animal and plant species of following animal group?
(a) endangered
(b) region specific
(c) extinct in natural habitat
(d) extinct
Answer:

S.No. Animals group Animal species Plant species
(i) Endangered Asiatic lion, Dolphin
in Ganga river, black
deer, one horn rhino,
godawan, vulture, Son bird.
Rohida, phnirbandh,
fogda, Gugul.
(ii) Region specific Snow leopard, Dolphin in
Ganga river
Pempa, Inderlok, sufog,
red sandle, khedula.
(iii) Extinct in natural
habitats
Flying frog, air crow, soft
black tortoise.
Kalimantan mango, musk
(iv) Extinct Wild dove, dodo bird,
Tasmanian tiger, wooly
mammoth.
Cycads, St. Helena jaitun
kokiya, kooki.

Question 4.
What are migratory birds? Write the name of some migratory birds.
Answer:
Migratory birds fly to far away areas every year during a particular time because of the climatic changes in that area. Some migratory birds are Siberian cranes, Arctiction, Bar headed Goose, Surkhab etc.

Question 5.
Write the objectives of biosphere reserve.
Answer:
Biosphere Reserve is a protected area developed to conserve biodiversity. Following are the objectives of biosphere reserve:
(a) To conserve biodiversity and integrity of plants, animals and microorganisms.
(b) To educate, train and create awareness about environment aspects and ecofriendly living.

Question 6.
Explain the cow diversity in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Bio-diversity of cows in Rajasthan

  1. Kankrej: These breeds are found in Barmer, Pali and Jalore district. On the average they are tall and strong, broad chest, straight back, black small tail are some of the feature of this species. They are liked by the farmers because they walk fast and can handle load.
  2. Malvi: These are famous as they are found in Jhalawar’s Malvi region. Their back is straight, colour is light built is stiff and small legs, broad chest, small sharp ears and ankle touching tail is speciality of these species.
  3. Rathi: These cows give large quantity of milk. This is a mix breed of Sahiwala, Lai Sindhi and Haryana breed. This is almond colour and spotted. These species are counted in the best cows of India. These cows gives 25 to 30 pound of milk. Their tail is long and stomach is big. These species bull are weighted.
  4. Nagauri: Nagauri bulls are favourite for agricultural activities and are very fit. Nagauri species originated from Nagaur district Sohalak region, long fit body, strong neck, average horns, long ears, thin leg, small tail are the specialities of these species.

Biodiversity Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
The threatened species of organisms have been placed in how many categories? Explain in detail.
Answer:
The threatened species of organisms have been placed in the following categories-critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable. The IUCN Red list also includes information on plants and animals that are categorized as extinct or extinct in the wild and on plants and animals that are close to meet the threatened thresholds as near threatened species. Plants and animals that have been evaluated to have a low risk of extinction are classified as least concern.

  • Extinct species: Extinct species include those which have disappeared from the Earth. A bird called Dodo which was found in Mauritius was killed for food and has now disappeared completely; in other words it has become extinct. Some of the animals which have become extinct are two-horne4 rhinoceros of Africa, the pink-headed duck, Himalayan quail and the golden langur.
  • Critically endangered species:
    They are under the highest risk of extinction as their number has decreased drastically. Examples are Andean catfish, Abes Salamander, angular pebble Snail amongst many more.
  • Endangered species:
    These species are represented by fewer individuals because of unfavourable factors. These animals can become extinct soon if the unfavourable factors are not checked. Examples are Indian rhinoceros, crocodile blue whale and the great Indian bustard.
  • Vulnerable species:
    These species are most likely to become endangered if their security is not taken care of. Examples are chinkara deer, black buck and blue Pheasant amongst others.
  • Near threatened species:
    These species are found in small numbers and scattered all over the world. They can easily enter the vulnerable and endangered category. Examples are golden cat, monk seal, American bison, Asiatic wild ass, tiger, shark, leopard, Jaguar, Okapi amongst many more.

Question 2.
How can we overcome the problems of deforestation?
Answer:

  1. We do not waste paper, and write on both sides of the paper; this will reduce the consumption of paper.
  2. Paper is recycled; paper can be recycled five to seven times for use; recycling of paper is a good alternative. This not only saves trees but also saves energy and water needed for manufacturing paper. Another advantage is that the use of harmful chemicals in paper making is also reduced. Deforestation can be overcome by reforestation. The objective of reforestation is to regenerate the destroyed forest by planting new trees.

In India, we have the following acts aimed at:

  1. Preservation and conservation of forests, and
  2. to meet the basic needs of the people living in and around the forest areas.
    (a) Forest (Conservation) Act, 1927.
    (b) Wild (Protection) Act, 1972 (amended in 1991).

Question 3.
What are steps taking by the government towards conserving biodiversity?
Answer:
The Government of India passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972. Hunting has been completely banned, and National Parks, Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves have been set up by the government as steps towards conserving biodiversity. National parks These are protected areas reserved exclusively for preserving the flora and fauna, landscape and buildings, i.e., the entire ecosystem, and monuments of historic importance of an area. In these areas grazing and cultivation are not permitted. There are some 92 National Parks in our country. Wildlife sanctuaries These provide protection and suitable conditions for wild animals to flourish. These are areas where hunting is not allowed at all.

Animals which are on the verge of extinction are protected here. Private ownership rights are permitted only to such an extent. The animals are not harmed. There are about 492 wildlife sanctuaries in our country. Biosphere Reserves A Biosphere Reserve is a specified area in which multiple use of land is permitted for preserving the biodiversity. The reserves also preserve traditional life of people. These reserves have been set up recently by “man and biosphere’ (MAB) programme of the UNESCO. There are 243 biosphere reserves in our country which mainly .conserve the biodiversity of the specific areas and provide protected areas for ecological and environmental research.

Question 4.
Differentiate between the following
(a) wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve.
(b) zoo and wildlife sanctuary.
(c) endangered species and extinct species.
(d) flora and fauna.
Answer:
(a) Difference between wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve.

Wildlife sanctuary Biosphere reserve
(i) Wildlife sanctuary is a
place where wild animals
are preserved and protected
from poaching and hunting.
(i) Biosphere reserves are the
protecting areas meant for only
conservation of biodiversity
i.e. animals and plants and
microorganisms.
(ii) Wildlife Sanctuary is
the part of biosphere resources.
(ii) It also helps to maintain the
culture of that area.

(b) Difference between zoo and wildlife sanctuary.

Zoo Wildlife sanctuary
(i) A zoo is a smaller place to display the animals for public view. (i) Wildlife Sanctuary is an area that are reserve in a forest for the protection and preservation of wild animals.
(ii) The-animals are kept in cage. (ii) Animals live freely in their habitat.

(c) Difference between endangered and extinct species

Endangered species Extinct species
(i) Endangered species are those species which are at the verge of extinction and which are protected and conserved.
Example: Tiger, Barasingha.
(i) Extinct species are those species which are no more exist on the earth presently.
Example: Dinosaurus.

(d) Difference between flora and fauna

Flora Fauna

(i) The plants that are found a particular area are called flora.

(ii) Example: sal, teek, jamun, mango etc. are flora of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve.

(i) The animals that are found in a particular area are called fauna.

(ii) Example: chinkara, blue bull, barking deer, leopard are the fauna of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve.

We hope the given RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity will help you. If you have any query regarding RBSE Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 5 Biodiversity, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.