RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Bharat and Science

RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Bharat and Science are part of RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Science. Here we have given Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Bharat and Science.

Board	RBSE
Textbook	SIERT, Rajasthan
Class	Class 9
Subject	Science
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	Bharat and Science
Number of Questions Solved	60
Category	RBSE Solutions

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Bharat and Science

Bharat and Science Textbook Questions Solved

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Which substance is discovered by the Prafulla Chandra Ray the inventor of Indian Chemical Industry?
(A) Sodium Chloride
(B) Mercurus Nitrate
(C) Nitre
(D) Sal Ammonia
Answer: B

Question 2.
Birbal Salmi was related to which field of Science?
(A) Chemical Science
(B) Paleo-botany
(C) Physics
(D) Computer Science
Answer: B

Question 3.
Name the first Indian Scientist who worked for the physical condition of the stars.
(A Birbal Sahni
(B) Satyendra Nath Bose
(C) Einstein
(D) Meghnad Saha
Answer: D

Question 4.
When was Indian lunar mission Chandrayan-I launched?
(A) 22 Oct. 2008
(B) 5 Nov. 2013
(C) 15 Aug. 2015
(D) 28 Feb. 2015
Answer: A

Question 5.
Who was called the father of plastic surgery?
(A) Charak
(B) Sushrat
(C) Kanad
(D) Patanjali
Answer: B

Bharat and Science Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 6.
Name the book written by Sushruta?
Answer
Sushrut Samhita.

Question 7.
Which mathematician gave the title ‘Ganak Chakra ChuramanV to Brahmagupta?
Answer
Bhaskara.

Question 8.
When was National Science Day is celebrated?
Answer
28th February.

Question 9.
Who wrote the Book ‘The History of Hindu Chemistry’? ‘
Answer
The inventor of Indian Chemical Industry Prafulla Chandra Ray wrote the famous book The History of Hindu Chemistry’.

Question 10.
Name the branch of Science in which Botany of the past period is studied.
Answer
Paleo-botany.

Question 11.
Which scientist gave the theory of Ionisation in Physics?
Answer
Meghnad Saha.

Question 12.
India’s first cyclotron was established under which scientist supervision?
Answer
Meghnad Saha.

Question 13.
Name the Indian scientist who gave Bose-Einstein Statistics.
Answer
Professor Satyendra Nath Bose.

Question 14.
When was World Yoga Day celebrated?
Answer
21st June.

Question 15.
When was Mars-Orbital Mission launched?
Answer
24th September 2014.

Bharat and Science Short Answer Type Questions

Question 16.
Write the two important works done by Bhaskaracharya -I.
Answer
1. Bhaskaracharya I gave the Pell’s equation 8x? + 1 = y². In this equation x = 1 and y = 3 which can be written (x, y) = (1, 3), we can solve many equations like (x, y) = (6, 17).
2. For many centuries, the approximate value of % was considered 14. But Bhaskara-I did not accept this value and believed that n has an irrational value which later proved to be true. Some of the contributions of Bhaskara I to mathematics are: Numbers and symbolism, the categorization of mathematics, the names and solution of the first degree equations, quadratic equations, cubic equations and equations which have more than one unknown value, symbolic algebra, the algorithm method to solve linear indeterminate equations which was later suggested by Euclid, and formulated certain tables for solving equations that occurred in astronomy.

Question 17.
Professor Satyendra Nath Bose made the eye drop by the use of which chemical?
Answer
Pr. S.N. Bose make a chemical by changing the internal structure of the sulphonamide molecule, which is now used as an eye drop.

Question 18.
What are Bosons?
Answer
Bosons are any group of elementary particles, such as a photon or that has zero or integral spins and do not obey the exclusion principle, so that any number of identical particles may occupy the same quantum state.

Question 19.
How Bose-Einstein Condensation can be formed?
Answer
When a gas of Bose particles is cooled down to temperatures very close to absolute zero, then the kinetic energy of the particles decreases to a negligible amount and they condense to the lowest energy level state. This state is called as Bose-Einstein Condensation.

Question 20.
What is the Raman effect?
Answer
Raman effect- It is a change in the wavelength of light, that occurs when a light beam is deflected by molecules when a beam of light a dust-free, transparent sample of a chemical compound, a small fraction of the light emerges in directions other than that of the incident beam.

Question 21.
What we study in Astrophysics?
Answer
Astrophysics is a branch of space science that applies the laws of. physics and chemistry to explain birth, life, and death of stars, planets, galaxies, nebulae and other objects in the Universe. We also study the temperature of stars, their internal structure, and composition in Astrophysics.

Question 22.
Which three reactors was established by Homi-Jehangir Bhabha?
Answer
The three reactors are:

Apsara- 1956 – named by the then Prime minister of India J.L. Nehru.
Cirus- 1960 – The Canada- India Reactor, with assistance from the U.S.
Zerlina- 1961 – Zero energy reactor for Lattice Investigations and neutron Assay

Question 23.
Write the name of the Arabian translation of book Sushruta Samhita?
Answer
(1) Sashun – e – Hindi
(2) Kitab – e – Susurad

Question 24.
Write the name of three major branches of Biology?
Answer
The three major branches of Biology are:

Medical Science- It includes the study of several plants used in medicines.
Botany- It includes the study of plants.
Zoology- It includes the study of animals.

Question 25.
Define Science.
Answer
Science is systematic knowledge, based on experimental observations for a query or investigation.

Bharat and Science Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the various steps of the scientific method.
Answer
The various steps taken in scientific methods are:

1. To identify the problem- The problem should be identified and defined. The selected problem must have a narrow range and specific aim, otherwise, the solution of the problem cannot be worked out.

2. To formulate a hypothesis- Hypothesis is a logical explanation which accounts for the observation. It is an important step in the scientific approach.

3. Testing or experimenting hypothesis- When a hypothesis has been put forward, it is tested by experiments.

4. Data collection- Observation and identification of the problem is followed by a collection of data, to answer the question relevant to the problem.

5. Finding, the result- Result may be direct or indirect. It should be repeated.

6. Again retesting- Repeated results are accurately established and they do not need further verification.

7. To generalise the principle or law- A thoroughly tested fact regarding scientific finding or phenomenon is known as the principle or law. It is found to be reliable for its prediction.

Question 2.
Write the name of eight charans of Yoga given by Saint Patanjali.
Answer

Yama: It symbolises self-discipline. There are five Yama, i.e. Non-violence, Satya, Astay, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha.
Niyama: There are five rules.
- The purity of mind and body.
- Contentment
- Self-evaluation
- Devotion or complete surrender to God
- Rigorous penance.
Asana (Yogic postures)
Pranayama (Regulated breath)
Pratyahara (Sense detachment)
Dharma (Inner abstraction)
Dhyana (Meditation)
Samadhi (State of bliss)

All these elements of eightfold path are the universal commandants for all human beings. In fact, Yoga is not only the physical concept but more than that, it controls the mind, body and the entire human actions and reactions.

Question 3.
The researches of Dr. Birbal Sahni are proved to be useful in which fields?
Answer
Dr. Birbal Sahni was an Indian paleo-botanist. He studied the fossils of the Indian sub-continent. He was also a geologist and took an interest in archaeology.

His greatest contribution lies in the study of the botany of the plants. His researches are useful in continent division theory, in finding the age of south plateau, the growth of Himalayas after the formation of glosipatris vegetation and in studies of fossils in Botany.

Bharat and Science Additional Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
The word science is derived from:
(A) Hindi
(B) Sanskrit
(C) Latin
(D) Arabian
Answer: C

Question 2.
Science is divided into main divisions:
(A) One
(B) Two
(C) Three
(D) Four
Answer: C

Question 3.
Plants are sensitive like other living beings who formulated this theory:
(A) C.V. Raman
(B) C. Bose
(C) Meghnad Saha
(D) H.J. Bhaba
Answer: B

Question 4.
Bose-Einstein Statistics was initiated by:
(A) J.C. Bose
(B) S.N. Bose
(C) Sri C.V. Raman
(D) Meghnad Saha
Answer: B

Question 5.
Who established National Academy of Science?
(A) S.N.Bose
(B) Meghnad Saha
(C) C. Bose
(D) Homi Jehangir Bhabha
Answer: B

Question 6.
J. C. Bose, Prafulla Chandra Ray, and D.N. Malik taught which scientist?
(A) Meghnad Saha
(B) Birbal Sahni
(C) S.N.Bose
(D) J.C.Bose
Answer: A

Question 7.
Raman effect was discovered by which scientist?
(A) Meghnad Saha
(B) Birbal Sahni
(C) J.C. Bose
(D) C.V. Raman
Answer: D

Question 8.
The Indian Mathematician who gave the knowledge of the decimal system is:
(A) Bhaskaracharya I
(B) Brahmagupta
(C) Aryabhatta
(D) Birbal Sahni
Answer: B

Question 9.
The scientific method is:…………
(A) Observation
(B) Identification
(C) Experiment
(D) All the above
Answer: D

Question 10.
The knowledge of Astrophysics is given by:
(A) Meghnad Saha
(B) J.C. Bose
(C) C. V. Raman
(D) Birbal Sahni
Answer: A

Question 11.
Equation 8x² + 1 = y² is called as:
(A) Bhaskaracharya equation
(B) Euler equation
(C) Linear equation
(D) Pell’s equation
Answer: D

Question 12.
The Indian craft P.S.L.V C-29 is launched by:
(A) ISRO
(B) NASA
(C) UNO
(D) None of these
Answer: A

Bharat and Science Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define Abstract Science.
Answer
The branch of Science in which we study Mathematics and Statistics is known as Abstract Science.

Question 2.
Name the famous Indian Universities in 400 B. C.
Answer
Nalanda, Varanasi, and Taxila.

Question 3.
Who had set up the first nuclear reactor in India?
Answer
Homi Jehangir Bhabha.

Question 4.
Which comet was named after astronomer M.K. Venu Bappu?
Answer
Bappu – Boak – Newquark.

Question 5.
Who first performed plastic surgery of nose?
Answer
Sushruta.

Question 6.
Who gave the Ionisation formula?
Answer
Meghnad Saha

Question 7.
Name the oldest book of Mathematics and Statistics.
Answer
Aryabhattiya Bhasya

Question 8.
Who started the Hindu decimal System?
Answer
Bhaskaracharya – I

Question 9.
Which scientist was also a member of Parliament?
Answer
Professor Satyendra Nath Bose

Question 10.
Who discovered gymnosperms?
Answer
Dr. Birbal Sahni

Question 11.
When was Mars Orbital Mission launched?
Answer
24th September 2014

Question 12.
Name India’s self-sustaining missile developing programme?
Answer
Brahmos.

Bharat and Science Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define Science. Write the main objectives of Science.
Answer
Word science is derived from the Latin word Scientia, which means to know. A systematic knowledge of nature verified by experiments is called Science.
Objectives of Science:
The main objectives of science are:

To understand the functional role of nature and explain it in a complete form.
To provide knowledge of the laws of nature after verifying them by experiments.
To control nature by the applications of results of experiments performed through keen observation.
To improve and make human life easier by the use of available natural resources and solving the problems.
To eradicate superstitions (false notions) prevailing in the society.

Question 2.
What are Wilson theorem and Pell’s equation?
Answer
Wilson theorem- It is propounded by Bhaskarachaiya-I.
According to Wilson’s theorem, any integer, p > 1 is a prime number, if and only if (p -1)! = – 1. He also derived the formula 8X² + 1 = if which is called as Pell’s equation.

Question 3.
What were the main achievements of India in Science?
Answer
The modern age is an era of science. The achievements of Science are possible due to the continuous efforts and research of scientists. Aryabhatta was the first scientist who told that the earth is spherical and it rotates on its axis, by which day and night formed. Brahmagupta was the first mathematician who gave the law of working of zero. Raman effect was given by Chandra Shekar Venkataraman. He passed the monochromatic light rays of mercury through some transparent substances and obtained spectrum on an ordinary spectrograph. He saw new lines in the spectrum and named them Raman lines. He declared Raman effect in a meeting of scientists on 16th March 1926. He was awarded Noble prize of Physics in 1930. Raman effect helped in understanding the molecular structure of a substance. Much research work was done on Raman effect after Laser rays.

Question 4.
Define ionisation equation.
Answer
Saha ionisation equation is an expression that relates the ionisation state of an element to the temperature and pressure. The equation is a result of combined ideas of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics and is used to explain the spectral classification of stars. The expression was developed by the Indian astrophysicist Meghnad Saha.

Question 5.
What was the expression for trigonometrical function sin x?
Answer
The expression for trigonometrical function sin x in Mahabhashkariya was given as.
\(\cfrac { Sin\quad x=16x(\pi -x) }{ 5{ \pi }^{ 2 }-4\pi (\pi -x) } \)
0≤x≤ \(\cfrac { \pi }{ 2 } \).

Bharat and Science Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe the main achievements of Sir Chandra Shekhar Venkat Raman.
Answer
Scientific Achievements of Sir C.V. Raman are as follows:

Sir C.V.Raman performed experiments on the dispersion of light by passing sunlight through water and pieces of ice. He explained that the cause of the blue color of the sea was a dispersion of sunlight. He published a research paper on diffraction in 1906 when he was a student of M.Sc.
He passed monochromatic rays of mercury arc through some transparent substances and obtained spectrum on an ordinary spectrograph. He saw new lines in the spectrum and named them Raman lines. He described ‘Raman’ effect in the meeting of scientists at Bangalore on March 16th, 1928. He was awarded the noble prize in 1930.
Raman effect helped in understanding the molecular structure of a substance. Much research work was done on the Raman effect after the discovery of Laser rays.
4. He established Raman Research Institute in Bangalore and continued his research work there throughout his life.

Question 2.
What was the name of the apparatus constructed by Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose? What did he show by this apparatus?
Answer
He constructed an apparatus named Crescograph which could record the sensitivity of plants towards changes in light, temperature, etc. He tried to establish similarity of behaviour of plants like other living beings. He performed his experiment in the presence of scientists of the world on 10th May 1901. He also studied the sensitivity of plants for manures, wireless waves, and light. His apparatus was much praised in Paris Science Congress, in 1907.

Question 3.
On which research (investigation) Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose was honoured in the international world for the first time? Describe briefly.
Answer
Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose sent his research paper relating to malt equation to a British research magazine ‘Philosophical Magazine’ for publishing in 1923. But a referee rejected it. So, he sent a research paper relating to malt equation to world-famous scientist Albert Einstein. Einstein translated the research paper into German language and got published in a magazine named Zeil for Physik. In this research, a new kind of statistics was formulated. Thus, he was honoured in the international world for the first time.

Question 4.
In which sphere did Meghnad Saha do research work? Describe his scientific achievements briefly.
Answer
Meghnad Saha did his research work in Astrophysics. He did thorough research on selective radiation pressure and its application to Astrophysics.

Scientific achievements: When Meghnad was only 25 years old, he wrote several research papers related to the light of the sun and stars after performing experiments. He gave ionisation formula. On the basis of which, astrologers studied the temperature of the sun and stars, the intensity of their light, their size etc. He established National Acadamy of Sciences for creating Scientists. He also organised Indian Institute of Nuclear Physics.

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