Place a Pencil behind a transparent glass tumbler (Fig.a). Now fill the tumbler. Class 8

Place a Pencil behind a transparent glass tumbler (Fig.a). Now fill the tumbler. Class 8

Place a Pencil behind a transparent glass tumbler (Fig.a). Now fill the tumbler halfway with water (Fig.b).How does the pencil appear when viewed through the water? Explain why its shape appears changed. Class 8

Answer:

When we place a pencil behind a transparent glass tumbler and fill the tumbler halfway with water, the pencil will appear to be bent or broken at the point where it enters the water. The submerged portion of the pencil might also appear slightly thicker or shifted from its actual position.

Why this happens:

1. Light changes direction when it moves from air to water. This is called refraction.
2. Because water bends the light, the pencil looks like it is in a different position below the water.

So, the pencil isn’t actually bent—it just looks that way because of how light travels through water.